The morphological characteristics of Salix are as follows: trees or creeping, cushion-shaped, upright shrubs. The branches are cylindrical and the pith is nearly round. No apical buds, side buds are usually close to the branches, with single bud scales. The leaves are alternate, sparsely opposite, usually narrow and long, mostly lanceolate, pinnately veined, serrated or entire; petiole is short; stipules, mostly serrated, often early fall, rare and persistent. Catkin inflorescences erect or obliquely spread, first leaves open, or open at the same time as leaves, sparse after leaves open; bracts entire, hairy or glabrous, persistent, sparsely fall; stamens 2-majority, filaments free or Part or all of it; glands 1-2 (between the inflorescence axis and filaments are abdominal glands, near bracts are dorsal glands); pistil is composed of 2 carpels, ovary sessile or stalked, style length varies One, or missing, single 1 or split, stigma 1-2, split or not split. Capsule 2-valved; seeds small. How dark brown.

Growth environment: Willow belongs to a wide ecological range of plants and has a wide adaptability to the environment. It is light-loving, humid-loving, and cold-resistant. However, some species are also more drought-tolerant and salt-tolerant, and can grow in places with poor ecological conditions, and grow better in fertile plains with superior site conditions. The general life span is 20 to 30 years, and a few species can reach more than a hundred years.