Garlic is a string-shaped shallow root system with no main roots. The main root groups are distributed in the soil layer within 5 ~ 25cm, and the transverse diameter is 30cm. In plant morphology, the bulb itself is developed from metamorphic branches, whose internodes shorten into "bulb discs", the roots and roots of the stem discs are rooted, and the primitive bodies of the upper leaves and buds. After the differentiation of the flower buds, the top buds form flower sprouts, and the lateral buds expand to form garlic petals. The propagation mode of garlic is asexual reproduction, and the reproductive organ is a lateral bud on the mother body, namely the scale bud. An adult garlic plant is composed of roots, pseudostems, leaves, flower stalks, bulbs, etc.
Garlic leaves include leaf body and leaf sheath. The leaf sheath is in the shape of a tube and grows in a ring on the stem disc. Multi-layered leaf sheaths intertwine to form a pseudo-stem, which has the function of mechanical support and delivery of nutrients to the bulb.
The flower stalk of garlic is composed of two parts: flower shaft and total bud. In the total bud, there are live flowers and aerial bulbs, but most varieties only have bolting and do not bloom or although they can bloom but the developing floral organs are not fully developed and cannot form seeds. General varieties can form several or dozens of aerial bulbs in the total bud. The aerial bulbs can be used to propagate garlic plants. In that year, single-headed garlic was generally formed and used for agricultural production of single-headed garlic. By sowing the single-headed garlic, you can obtain bulbs with evenly divided petals, large size, and excellent nutritional quality. By producing garlic through this sexual reproduction method, you can eliminate the toxins accumulated in the long-term production of garlic, and improve the garlic seed and Garlic seed vitality, to achieve the rejuvenation of garlic seeds, increase yield and improve quality.
The scale buds of garlic are also called garlic cloves. Botanically, they are the side buds of the shortened stem plate. They are the nutrient storage organs and reproduction organs of garlic. The bud is composed of two layers of scales and a young bud. The scale buds grow on the shortened stems, and the large-petal varieties are concentrated in the axils of 1 to 2 leaves close to the garlic stalk. Generally, 2 to 3 scale buds occur in each leaf axil, with the main bud in the middle and the auxiliary buds on both sides. The secondary buds can be enlarged to form product organ bulbs; the small petal varieties mainly form buds in 1 to 4 leaf axils, each leaf axillary forms 3 to 5 scale buds, the number of garlic petals formed is large and the individual is small, and the outer layer buds are larger than Inner scales.
According to the number of rounds of garlic cloves arranged on the stem plate, it can be divided into two types: one is staggered one round of garlic cloves on the stem plate, generally 4 to 15 garlic cloves, this kind of garlic is mostly a large petal variety such as purple Peel garlic; the other is to arrange two or more garlic cloves on the stem plate, generally 20 to 35 garlic cloves, mostly small-petal varieties, such as bermuda garlic.