The countries with large garlic cultivation areas in the world include China, Argentina, South Korea, India, the United States, France and Spain. China is the world's largest garlic growing and exporting country. Garlic is one of China's important crop varieties. Garlic and its products are traditional seasoning foods that people like. Garlic has been cultivated and planted for more than 2,000 years in China. It has not only a long cultivation history, but also a large cultivation area and high yield. Garlic planting areas are widely distributed in garlic production areas such as Jinxiang County, Lanling County and Guangrao County, Yongnian County, Hebei Province, Qi County, Dafeng City, Pengzhou City, Sichuan Province, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang and Xinjiang .
Garlic is a very seasonal agricultural product. Although fresh garlic can be properly extended by refrigerated storage, it can only be postponed to the listing of new garlic in the second year, otherwise it will lose its commercial value. Most of our country mainly sells fresh garlic. There are few deep-processed garlic products, and the economic benefits are relatively low. The sales channel of garlic mainly depends on the export of garlic heads. 70% to 80% of the total domestic garlic is exported to overseas supermarkets through refrigeration, and the domestic supermarket sells about 5%. The remaining 20% small garlic and residual garlic are processed into garlic slices. Digest the garlic and other garlic products. The high-end products in the garlic deep processing chain, such as natural allicin, alliin and other medicines and health care products, are just in their infancy in China, and have very large room for development. How to make use of China's rich garlic resources, through in-depth processing to transform it into medicines and health products, increase the added value of garlic, extend the garlic industry chain, and transform its resource advantages into industrial strength, is a very urgent research topic. It is of great practical significance to promote the sustainable development of China's garlic industry.
The research and development of garlic medicines and health products belong to the field of natural medicine. The extraction and separation technology of active substances and the raw material resources of medicinal plants are the key factors restricting their industrialization. On the one hand, due to the low content of allicin, alliin and other active substances in garlic, extraction and separation are difficult; on the other hand, although China's garlic production is large, due to the large fluctuations in garlic market prices in recent years, garlic is used as a raw material to extract medical ingredients The high cost of raw materials has led to meager profits for companies engaged in the extraction of active substances such as natural allicin. Garlic slice processing wastewater contains allicin, garlic saponin, and garlic flavonoids in addition to allicin and garlic polysaccharides. It is a very special high-concentration wastewater in the food processing industry, with COD as high as tens of thousands of mg per liter. Garlic processing wastewater pollution has become a bottleneck in the development of China's garlic industry, and is also an urgent problem to be solved in environmental protection.