Type of mold:
Common fungi species in feed are: Aspergillus, mainly produce aflatoxin (which is the most toxic aflatoxin B1), ochratoxin, etc .; animal feed Penicillium are mainly produce ochratoxin, penicillin, etc .; Fusarium Is mainly produced zearalenone, vomit toxins, T-2 toxins, fumonisin, etc .; ergot mainly produce ergot toxins. As many as mycotoxins, the harm to livestock and poultry is more serious, the pig farm should promptly prevent the occurrence of mildew
Xiaobian led everyone to come to know, the most common of several mold:
1, aflatoxin B1. Aflatoxin B1 is one of the most potent carcinogens in known chemicals. Aflatoxin B1 is strongly toxic to humans and livestock, and its toxic effects are mainly liver damage. Is a class of highly toxic chemicals, animal feed aflatoxin B1 toxicity than vomitoxin toxicity 30 times stronger than zearalenone toxicity 20 times stronger.
The acute toxicity of aflatoxin B1 is 10 times that of potassium cyanide and 68 times of arsenic. Aflatoxin B1 contaminated food is mainly peanut, corn, rice, wheat, peanut oil and other grain and oil food, and the southern high temperature, high humidity areas of the most serious pollution. Aflatoxin B1 can bind to animal DNA, RNA, etc., thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis; followed by destruction of animal immune system, damage to animal liver. Animal poisoning, ranging from loss of appetite, decreased production performance, animal feed while in the lead to death.
2, ochratoxin. Ochratoxin is mainly against animal liver and kidney. This toxin is mainly caused by kidney damage, a large number of toxins may also cause animal intestinal mucosal inflammation and necrosis. The most sensitive to the pig. OTA acute poisoning reaction for the spirit of depression, loss of appetite, weight loss, rectal temperature rise. Digestive disorders, enteritis visible mucosal bleeding, and even diarrhea, dehydration polyuria, accompanied by proteinuria and diabetes.
Pregnant mothers uterine mucosal bleeding, often miscarriage. After the poisoning of the pathological changes to the kidney-based, visible kidney hypertrophy, was gray, the surface rugged, with vesicles, renal parenchymal necrosis, renal cortical cell fibrosis; proximal tubule function degradation, renal tubular permeability deterioration, Concentration decreased. OTA chronic poisoning showed prolonged clotting time, poor bone integrity, intestinal fragility and kidney damage.
3, zearalenone. Zearalenone mainly pollutes corn, wheat, rice, barley, millet and oats. The detection rate of maize was 45%, animal feed the highest toxic content could reach 2909mg / kg; the detection rate of wheat was 20%, the poison content was 0.364 ~ 11.05mg / kg. Zearalenone has an estrogenic effect, mainly on the reproductive system, can make livestock, poultry and experimental mice produce estrogen hyperthyroidism.
Pregnant animals (including humans) eat foods containing zearalenone can cause miscarriage, stillbirth and teratogenic. Pigs are more sensitive to this toxin. The target organ of action of zearalenone is mainly the reproductive system of female animal, and also has certain influence on male animal. In the acute poisoning conditions, the nervous system, heart, kidney, liver and lung will have a certain toxic effect. The main mechanism is that it will cause the nervous system of excitement, which caused a lot of bleeding in the organ, so that animals suddenly died. The main reason is due to excessive estrogen levels caused.
4, fumonisin. Fumonisin, also known as fumonisin, its main performance is a strong liver toxicity, resulting in liver edema, necrosis, animal feed decomposition of necrotic liver cells adhere to the cell membrane fragments into the blood circulation, lung macrophages phagocytosis, the release of neutral particle activator , Changes in pulmonary capillary permeability, leading to pulmonary edema. Lung organs suffered damage, it is easy to cause respiratory disease syndrome, its great harm.
5, T-2 toxins. T-2 toxins mainly damage the digestive tract, stimulate the digestive tract mucosa, causing extensive inflammation, ulcers, bleeding and necrosis. Manifested as pig loss or extinction, vomiting and diarrhea. Can also cause red blood cell damage to form anemia. T-2 toxin for the immune system in the spleen, animal feed thymus and lymph nodes also have a strong injury, can cause immunosuppression.
6, vomit toxins. Vomiting toxins and T-2 toxins mainly harm the same organ, pathogenicity and beyond. Its gastrointestinal mucosa with corrosive toxicity, causing widespread erosion of the digestive tract, ulcers, bleeding and necrosis. The same will cause immune system damage, resulting in immunosuppression. In addition, animal feed the vomit toxins can cause fetal malformations and cancer.