Overview: Like all chemical batteries, lithium-ion batteries also consist of three parts: the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the electrolyte. The electrode materials are all lithium ions can be inserted (inserted) / deintercalated (deintercalated).
Positive electrode: As mentioned above, there are many positive electrode materials available. Currently, most mainstream products use lithium iron phosphate.
Solute: Lithium salts are often used, such as lithium perchlorate (LiClO4), lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6), lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF4). Solvent: Since the working voltage of the battery is much higher than the decomposition voltage of water, lithium-ion batteries often use organic solvents, such as ether, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, etc. Organic solvents often destroy the structure of graphite during charging, causing it to exfoliate, and forming a solid electrolyte membrane (solid electrolyte interphase, SEI) on its surface, resulting in electrode passivation. Organic solvents also bring about safety issues such as flammability and explosion.