At present, the world's largest producer of AlCl3 is the United States, which has an annual production capacity of 157,000 short tons. During the period from 1969 to 1979, the annual growth rate was 2.2% on average, and it is expected to grow at a rate of 2.5% per year in 1984. For example, Alcoa alternately produces two sets of equipment, and most of its products are used for the production of aluminum ingots. The company has also developed a new aluminum trichloride manufacturing method and is preparing to put it into production.
The uses of aluminum trichloride in the United States in recent years are listed in Table 1.
This article briefly describes the application of aluminum trichloride in major industries for reference only.
Application examples of secondary and tertiary aluminum
(1) Ethylbenzene catalyst: Ethylbenzene is an intermediate for the production of styrene and an important monomer in the synthetic polymer industry. It is also widely used in the pharmaceutical, coating, pigment, and textile industries. The catalyst for the production of ethylbenzene is a complex of aluminum trichloride and polyethylbenzene.
Preparation method: 1000g polyethylbenzene plus 330g anhydrous aluminum trichloride, add a small amount of H2O (about 1ml), in the presence of HCl, keep the temperature 65~85±5℃, stir for a certain period of time to generate reddish brown oil The complex.
The complex catalyst forms a phase by itself, and the reaction temperature is controlled not to be higher than 120°C for the alkylation reaction of ethylene and benzene in the reaction tower. The standard for evaluating the catalytic activity of AlCl3 before use is: the amount of complex produced by a certain weight of ethylbenzene and quantitative AlCl3 and the solubility of AlCl3. AlCl3 is required to dissolve well and generate a certain amount of complexes and contain more AlCl3. According to the use of petrochemical plants, the stable quality AlCl3 produced by the metal aluminum chlorination method, due to its specific production process and high purity, can already meet the requirements of ethylbenzene yield and material transportation.
Recently, we have explored the "alumina method" AlCl3 production of catalyst complex experiments, under the above conditions, preparation, each production of 1 kg of CaH2 requires a raw material cost of 50 yuan. (Calcium metal price is 40 yuan/kg). And if CaC12 is used to produce a mixture containing one kg of CaH2, the raw material cost is only 10 yuan.
All work was carried out under the guidance of Professor Shen Banwen, Professor Zhang Yunshifu, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University.
AlCl3 has good solubility, but the amount of complex formed is small.
(2) Detergent alkylating agent: Detergent is a new and promising product in my country. If the paraffin oil chlorination method is adopted, the C10-13 normal alkanes separated by the addition of kerosene or urea are chlorinated into chlorinated alkanes, and aluminum chloride is used as a catalyst to alkylate benzene to obtain linear alkanes. base benzene is then sulfonated, neutralized, batched and spray-dried to make washing powder.
The benzene alkylation reaction formula is as follows:
(3) Preparation of polypropylene co-catalyst ethyl aluminum dichloride: under the protection of nitrogen, add a certain amount of sesquiethyl aluminum chloride to a dry reactor, and then add aluminum trichloride in a calculated amount according to a certain ratio. Stir for 1 to 2 hours, the reaction temperature is 125 to 150°C, and the ratio of raw materials: A1C13/A1EtC1 molar ratio 1.05 to 1.11. After the reaction, it is cooled in nitrogen and then sent to distillation for refining.
(4) Preparation of macroporous r (low bulk ratio)-alumina: aluminum trichloride (solution) is used as raw material, ammonia water is used as precipitating agent, and it is gelled at a temperature of 70-75°C and pH 8.0, and then aged , Washing, balling and drying. Used as a carrier, the prepared catalyst has excellent performance for the dehydrogenation of long-chain alkanes.