Salting agent: salting agent is mainly sodium chloride (salt). It plays an important role in regulating the acid-base balance of body fluid, maintaining the osmotic pressure balance between cells and blood, stimulating saliva secretion, participating in the formation of gastric acid, and promoting digestive enzyme activities.
Sweeteners: sweeteners are food additives that give food or feed sweetness. There are many sweeteners used in the world, and there are several different classification methods: according to their sources, they can be divided into natural sweeteners and synthetic sweeteners; According to its nutritional value, it can be divided into nutritive sweeteners and non nutritive sweeteners; According to its chemical structure and properties, it can be divided into sugar sweeteners and non sugar sweeteners. Sugar alcohol sweeteners are mostly synthesized, and their sweetness is similar to sucrose. Because of its low calorific value, or because of its different metabolic process with glucose, it can also have some special uses. Non sugar sweeteners have high sweetness, low dosage, low calorific value and do not participate in the metabolic process. It is often called non nutritive or low calorific value sweetener and high sweetness sweetener, which is an important variety of sweeteners.
Flavoring agent: flavoring agent mainly refers to the substances that enhance food flavor, such as monosodium glutamate (sodium glutamate) is the most widely used flavoring agent at present. Now there are two kinds of monosodium glutamate on the market: one is crystalline, containing 100% sodium glutamate, the other is powdery, containing 80% sodium glutamate. It has been proved that if the ratio of sodium glutamate and 5-inosinic acid is 5:1 to 20:1, the taste of sodium glutamate can be increased by 6 times. Monosodium glutamate has a special flavor, but it will decompose into toxic sodium pyroglutamine when heated at high temperature (over 120 ℃) for a long time, so it is not suitable to heat it for a long time in cooking. In addition, monosodium glutamate is not a nutriment. It is only used as a seasoning and can not be used as a tonic.
Sour taste agent: sour taste agent is a chemical additive with the main purpose of giving food sour taste. Sour taste can stimulate the taste and increase the appetite. In addition, acid also has a certain antiseptic effect and is helpful to the digestion and absorption of calcium, phosphorus and other nutrients. The main sour taste agents are citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, acetic acid, etc. Among all the organic acids, citric acid is the most mild and delicious. It is widely used in all kinds of soft drinks, beverages, juice, canned fruits, canned vegetables and so on.