Steel structure is a structure composed of steel materials and is one of the main types of building structures.
Structure and composition:
It is mainly composed of beam steel, steel column, steel truss and other components made of section steel and steel plate, and adopts silanization, pure manganese phosphating, washing and drying, galvanizing and other rust and antirust processes. The components or parts are usually connected by welds, bolts or rivets. Because of its light weight and easy construction,
Application areas:
Large-scale factories, venues, super high-rise buildings and other fields.
The characteristics of steel are high strength, light weight, good overall rigidity, and strong resistance to deformation. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for the construction of large-span, super-high and super-heavy buildings; the material has good homogeneity and isotropy, which is ideal for elasticity. The structure is most in line with the basic assumptions of general engineering mechanics; the material has good plasticity and toughness, can have large deformation, and can withstand dynamic loads well; the construction period is short; its degree of industrialization is high, and it can be specialized production with a high degree of mechanization.
Features:
1. High material strength and light weight
Steel has high strength and high elastic modulus. Compared with concrete and wood, the ratio of density to yield strength is relatively low. Therefore, under the same stress conditions, the section of steel structure is small, light weight, easy to transport and install, suitable for large span, high height, and heavy load. Structure.
2. Steel toughness, good plasticity, uniform material, high structural reliability
It is suitable for bearing impact and dynamic load, and has good seismic performance. The internal structure of the steel is uniform, close to an isotropic homogeneous body. The actual working performance of the steel structure is more in line with the calculation theory. Therefore, the steel structure has high reliability.
3. High degree of mechanization of steel structure manufacturing and installation
Steel structural components are easy to be manufactured in factories and assembled on site. The mechanized manufacturing of steel structural components in the factory has high precision, high production efficiency, fast site assembly, and short construction period. Steel structure is the most industrialized structure.
4. The steel structure has good sealing performance
Because the welded structure can be completely sealed, it can be made into high-pressure vessels, large oil pools, pressure pipes, etc. with good air-tightness and water-tightness.
5. Steel structure is heat-resistant and not fire-resistant
When the temperature is below 150°C, the properties of the steel change little. Therefore, the steel structure is suitable for hot workshops, but when the surface of the structure is exposed to heat radiation of about 150 ℃, it should be protected by heat insulation board. When the temperature is between 300°C and 400°C, the strength and elastic modulus of the steel are significantly reduced, and when the temperature is about 600°C, the strength of the steel tends to zero. In buildings with special fire protection requirements, the steel structure must be protected by refractory materials to improve the fire resistance level.
6. Poor corrosion resistance of steel structure
Especially in the environment of humid and corrosive medium, it is easy to rust. Generally, steel structures need to be derusted, galvanized or painted, and regularly maintained. For offshore platform structures in seawater, special measures such as "zinc block anode protection" are required to prevent corrosion.
7. Low-carbon, energy-saving, environmentally friendly, and reusable
The demolition of steel structure buildings hardly produces construction waste, and steel can be recycled and reused.
